refactor(@angular/build): Expose codeBundleCache to buildApplicationInternal

[Aukevanoost]

First off, thanks for having a look at this!

This PR exposes the codeBundleCache used in executeBuild part of the buildApplicationInternal to allow for performant multi-builder setups (because they can share the TS cache).

PR Checklist

Please check to confirm your PR fulfills the following requirements:

• The commit message follows our guidelines: https://github.com/angular/angular-cli/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#-commit-message-guidelines
• Tests for the changes have been added (for bug fixes / features)
• Docs have been added / updated (for bug fixes / features)

PR Type

What kind of change does this PR introduce?

• Bugfix
• Feature
• Code style update (formatting, local variables)
• Refactoring (no functional changes, no api changes)
• Build related changes
• CI related changes
• Documentation content changes
• Other... Please describe:

What is the current behavior?

Right now the SourceFileCache is initialized locally in the executeBuild() function.

Issue Number: N/A

What is the new behavior?

The SourceFileCache is now part of the InternalOptions, allowing tools that use this builder to (optionally) provide a shared cache that can be re-used over multiple builds. As fallback it will create the default cache object.

Does this PR introduce a breaking change?

• Yes
• No

Other information

We (native-federation) need this feature to speed up our builder. This way we can share the cache between the ESBuild plugin and main builder which decreases our build time drastically:

If interested, find the changes on our end here (it's a proof-of-concept): https://github.com/native-federation/angular-adapter/pull/4/changes#diff-6508a5b483eb2d55fd58361931d864832b5ba20178c796d07be21f9e8ac327ae

[alan-agius4]

NIT

Suggested change

	const cachePath = projectName
	? join(cacheBasePath, VERSION, projectName)
	: join(cacheBasePath, VERSION);
	const cachePath = join(cacheBasePath, VERSION, projectName ?? '');